کاربست فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات در آموزش معلمان با رویکرد فرا ترکیب‌گرا
محورهای موضوعی :داود معصومی 1 * , روح اله مهدیون 2 , بتول معصومی 3
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کلید واژه: فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات کاربست فاوا در مؤسسات آموزش عالی تربیت معلمان توسعه حرفهای معلمان ,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این مقاله بررسی چگونگی کاربست فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات (فاوا) در تربیت معلم و در یک رویکرد وسیعتر در توسعه مدارس است. برای آمادهسازی دانشجویان تربیت معلم و معلمان آینده جهت کار در جامعه به شدت در حال تغییر و سرشار از اطلاعات و فناوری، مؤسسات آموزش عالی در کشورهای مختلف استراتژیهای گوناگونی را برای کاربست فاوا در تربیت معلم اعمال میکنند. بررسی و تجزیه و تحلیل جهتگیریها و استراتژیهای به کار رفته در کاربست فاوا در سیستمهای آموزشی کشورهای مختلف میتواند مسیر حرکت ما را در بستری که تنها عنصر ثابت آن تغییر است، تا حدود زیادی روشنتر نماید. در همین راستا مقاله حاضر مطالعهای کیفی از نوع فراترکیبی جهت تحلیل و ترکیب مطالعات و کاربست فاوا در آموزش، به خصوص در تربیت معلم، میباشد. نتایج به دست آمده در دو مقوله اصلی شامل کاربست فاوا در آموزش ضمن خدمت معلمان و کاربست فاوا در آموزش پیش از خدمت معلمان، آورده شده است. جهتگیریها و استراتژیهای به کار رفته در کاربست فاوا در آموزش پیش از خدمت معلمان بایستی مبتنی بر رویکرد گلچین شدهای باشد که برنامه استراتژیک، دسترسی مناسب به نرم‌افزار و سخت‌افزار و پشتیبانی در مؤسسات و رشته مورد نظر، ارائه فعالیتهای تدریس سازنده، ایجاد شبکه میان دانشجویان تربیت معلم و معلمان، افزایش مهارت فاوا مدرسان معلمی و ارشادگرها، و موارد مشابه را در خود داشته باشد. در همین راستا اثربخشترین نحوه کاربست فاوا در مؤسسات آموزشی، به‌کارگیری ترکیبی از استراتژیهاست. برای کاربست فاوا در تربیت معلمان و در یک رویکرد کلی‌تر توسعه مدارس، لازم است بر هر دو نوع آموزش پیش و ضمن خدمت معلمان تأکید گردد. در ابتدا رویکردهای کاربست فاوا در توسعه مدارس بحث میشود؛ سپس روشهای کاربرد فاوا در آموزش پیش از خدمت و ضمن خدمت معلمان مورد بحث قرار میگیرد و نهایتاً این دو حوزه کاری به یکدیگر ارتباط داده شده و به جستجوی شباهتها و تفاوتهای آنها پرداخته میشود
This article looks at the integration of ICT in teacher education in the wider perspective of school development, which puts on focus both in-service and pre-service teacher education. To prepare teacher-education students for work in a rapidly changing, information rich and technology based society, the key strategies in integration of ICT in teacher education programs and provides implications and directions for future analyses of ICT integration efforts are analyzed. A meta-synthesis exercise was undertaken, to analyze and synthesize the studies and examples of best practice to integrate ICT in education particularly in teacher education. The results were provided into two main parts including: - ICT in in-service teacher education; - ICT in pre-service teacher education. Discussing the examples of practices and strategies, it is argued that addressed strategies are complementary, thus a combination of the given strategies may be more efficient way in integrating ICT in teacher education programs
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