نیازسنجی آموزشی پزشکان مراکز درمانی مرتبط با فرآیند انتقال خون
محورهای موضوعی : روش های نوین آموزش وتوسعه منابع انسانیمینا موسی خانی 1 , اباصلت خراسانی 2 * , معصومه السادات ابطحی 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی رشته برنامه ریزی درسی گروه علوم تربیتی دانشکده تعلیم و تربیت اسلامی، واحدعلوم و تحقیقات داشگاه آزاد اسلامی ،تهران، ایران
2 - دانشیار، عضو هئیت علمی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی،تهران، ایران
3 - استادیار، عضو هئیت علمی گروه علوم تربیتی دانشکده تعلیم و تربیت اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات داشگاه آزاد اسلامی ،تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: نیازآموزشی, نیازسنجی آموزشی, دیکوم Dacum, استاندارد مهارت Standard Skill , طراحی دوره آموزشی, گروه‌هاي کانوني,
چکیده مقاله :
شناسایی نیازهای آموزشی جامعه پزشکی و جلب مشارکت آنان باعث افزایش کارایی و ارتقای سطح کیفی دانش پزشکی خواهد شد. این مطالعه جهت تعیین نیازهای آموزشی پزشکان مرتبط با فرآیند انتقال خون صورت پذیرفت. جامعه آماری در این مطالعه پزشکان خبره شاغل در بیمارستان‌های سراسر کشور می‌باشد و نمونه‌گیری این جامعه آماری بر اساس ترکیب روش طبقه‌بندی، ملاک‌مدار و تصادفی می‌باشد.
ابزار کار پژوهش حاضر یک پرسشنامه محقق ساخته که تلفیقی از دو روش استاندارد مهارت و دیکوم می‌باشد. از بین پزشکان منتخب از سوی بیمارستان‌ها پس از مصاحبه، یک گروه به صورت هدفمند انتخاب گردید. برای پزشکان منتخب در سازمان انتقال خون جلسات آموزشی جهت تکمیل ابزار کار گذاشته شد. با استفاده از این ابزار کار عنوان وظایف کلی (Duty)، وظایف فرعی (Task) و اولویت‌بندی وظایف فرعی مشخص گردید. سپس دانش، مهارت و نگرش‌های مورد نیاز در زمینه شایستگی‌ها، محتوای آموزشی و اهداف رفتاری مشخص شد. در نهایت دوره‌های آموزشی مرتبط با وظایف و فعالیت‌ها مشخص شد. این اطلاعات با سایت o*net مطابقت داده شد. پس از جمع‌بندی جهت اعتباریابی توسط گروه‌های کانونی که شامل پزشکان خبره منتخب و متخصصان انتقال خون، جلسه‌ای بر‌‌گزار گردید. پس از بررسی و بازبینی و اصلاح اطلاعات بدست آمده، در نهایت در کمیته ارزیابی متشکل از افراد کلیدی سازمان نقد و بررسی و تائید نهائی صورت گرفت. نتایج به‌دست آمده شامل 8 وظیفه اصلی و 52 وظیفه فرعی مشخص گردید، همچنین اولویت‌بندی وظایف فرعی، سطوح و حیطه شایستگی برای هر وظیفه مشخص گردید و در نهایت 10عنوان دوره آموزشی جهت طراحی دوره‌های آموزشی استخراج گردید.
Identifying the educational needs of the medical community and encouraging their engagement could result in enhancing efficiency and improving the quality of medical knowledge. This study aimed to assess the educational needs of physicians involved in the blood transfusion process. The study population consisted of expert physicians working in hospitals across the country, and the sampling method was a combination of stratified, criterion-based, and random sampling. The research tool was a researcher-designed questionnaire, integrating two standard methods: the Standard Skill approach and the DACUM (Developing A Curriculum) method. From among the physicians selected by hospitals, a target group was chosen through interviews. Educational sessions were held at the Blood Transfusion Organization to complete the tool for the selected physicians. Using this tool, general duties, sub-tasks, and their prioritization were identified. In addition, the necessary knowledge, skills, and attitudes related to competencies, educational content, and behavioral objectives were determined. Subsequently, educational courses aligned with the duties and activities were defined. The data were cross-referenced with the O*NET website. After data compilation, a focus group session—comprising selected expert physicians and blood transfusion specialists—was conducted to validate the findings. Following review, revision, and finalization, the results were evaluated and approved by an assessment committee consisting of key organizational stakeholders. According to the final results, 8 main duties and 52 sub-tasks were identified, along with their prioritization and the specification of required competency domains and levels. Ultimately, 10 educational course titles were extracted for the development of targeted training programs.
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